نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه آزاد شهرکرد
2 گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Background and Objective: Globally, among all mycotoxins, aflatoxins pose a significant threat to human and animal health and have led to strict food regulatory restrictions to protect public health. Aflatoxin B1 is the most toxic mycotoxin found in most foods. This toxin has the ability to cause liver metastases, leukemia, and brain disorders in children and is produced by Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus numeus, and Aspergillus parasiticus. Given the favorable climatic conditions for aflatoxin growth in most regions of Iran, monitoring this toxin in foods is important. In this regard, the aim of the present study is to evaluate aflatoxin B1 in peanut seeds, oil, and butter supplied in Karaj city by ELISA.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 60 samples including 20 peanut butter samples, 20 peanut oil samples and 20 peanut kernel samples were randomly sampled from the centers supplying this product in Karaj city and transferred to the laboratory. The tests were performed using an ELISA device with a EuroProxima kit. For statistical analysis, SPSS version 23 software was used for calculations and data evaluation, which was performed using Independent sample t.test and ANOVA and Duncan test to compare means and Chi-Square test to compare frequency percentages, and Excel software was used to draw graphs.
Results: The results showed that all peanut butter, peanut kernel and peanut oil samples sampled in Karaj city were contaminated with aflatoxin B1, but none of the contaminations exceeded the Iranian national standard listed on the website of the Iranian Standards and Industrial Research Organization (8 micrograms/kg). Thus, out of 60 samples, 5 samples (8.33%) were contaminated with aflatoxin B1 at levels below 1 microgram/kg, 6 samples (10%) were contaminated with levels between 1 and 2 microgram/kg, 32 samples (33.33%) were contaminated with levels between 2 and 4 microgram/kg, and 17 samples (28.33%) were contaminated with levels between 4 and 5 microgram/kg. The results showed that none of the samples were contaminated with aflatoxin above 5 microgram/kg. The results showed that among the types of oil, butter, and peanuts sampled in Karaj County, the highest and lowest concentrations of aflatoxin B1 were peanut oil with 3.4 microgram/kg, peanut butter with 2.97 microgram/kg, and peanuts with 2.94 microgram/kg, respectively.
Conclusions: Exposure to mycotoxins in food is largely unavoidable and concerns about their health effects are increasing. The results of the present study showed that consumption of peanut oil, butter, and seeds supplied in Karaj city cannot pose any concerning risks to consumer health.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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