بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی و خاصیت ضد لیستریایی اسانس آویشن شیرازی و کاربرد آن با نایسین در نانوپوشش کیتوزان در فیله مرغ

نوع مقاله : مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه بهداشت مواد غذایی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه تخصصی فناوری‌های نوین آمل، آمل، ایران

2 گروه فناوری نانو، دانشکده مهندسی فناوری‌های نوین، دانشگاه تخصصی فناوری‌های نوین آمل، آمل، ایران

چکیده

سابقه و هدف: امروزه علاقه‌مندی برای استفاده از پوشش‌ها و فیلم‌های خوراکی نظیر استفاده از باکتریوسین‌ها و اسـانس‌هـای گیـاهی، به دلیل وجود فاکتورهایی مانند نگرانی‌های زیست محیطی به علت مصرف مواد بسته‌بندی سنتزی، نیاز به روش‌هایی جدید و فرصت‌هایی برای ایجاد بازارهای جدید مصرف محصولات، نیاز مواد غذایی به افزایش عمر نگهداری فرآورده‌ها و گرایش مصرف کنندگان به مصرف مواد طبیعی در حال گسترش است. فناوری نانو در پوشش‌های خوراکی می‌تواند به واسطه کاهش اندازه ذرات و کوچک تر کردن منافذ پوشش‌ها باعث افزایش کارایی آن‌ها در مقایسه با پوشش‌های خوراکی معمولی شود و ارتقای کیفی مواد بسته‌بندی را به دنبال داشته باشد. توانایی بالای کیتوزان در تشکیل فیلم امکان استفاده از آن را به عنوان یک پوشش غذایی مناسب فراهم نموده است. برای تقویت خواص ضد باکتریایی کیتوزان می‌توان از اسانس‌های دارای خواص ضد باکتریایی استفاده نمود. بیماری‌های غذا زاد نیز همواره از مهم‌ترین دغدغه‌های بشر بوده و مطالعه حاضر به منظور بررسی روشی برای کاهش این خطرات انجام شده است. هدف از این مطالعه بررسی ترکیب شیمیایی اسانس آویشن شیرازی (Zataria multiflora Boiss ) و کاربرد آن به همراه نایسین در پوشش پایه نانوامولسیون کیتوزان جهت کنترل رشد باکتری لیستریا مونوسیتوژنز تلقیح شده در فیله مرغ طی یک دوره 16 روزه نگهداری شده در دمای سرد (1±4 درجه سانتی گراد) و هم‌چنین بررسی فعالیت ضد لیستریایی اسانس گیاه آویشن شیرازی با استفاده از روش میکرودایلوشن برای تعیین حداقل غلظت مهارکنندگی (MIC) و حداقل غلظت کشندگی (MBC) بود.
مواد و روش ها: ترکیب شیمیایی اسانس با روش کروماتوگرافی گازی تعیین و تیمارها در شش گروه: فاقد پوشش (کنترل)، کیتوزان، نانوامولسیون کیتوزان، نانوامولسیون کیتوزان حاوی اسانس آویشن‌ شیرازی ، نانوامولسیون کیتوزان + نایسین، نانوامولسیون کیتوزان + اسانس آویشن شیرازی + نایسین تقسیم شدند، سپس نمونه‌ها جهت شمارش باکتریایی در روزهای 12،16، 8، 4 ،2 ،0 به یخچال منتقل شدند.
یافته ها: کارواکرول (44/36 درصد)، تیمول (30/14 درصد) و گاماترپینن (8/31 درصد) به عنوان مهم‌ترین ترکیب شیمیایی اسانس آویشن شیرازی شناسایی و میانگین لگاریتم تعداد باکتری شمارش شده در دوره 16 روزه بین گروه‌ها اختلاف معنی داری را نشان داد (05/0˂P). مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که بیشترین اثر مهارکنندگی روی باکتری مربوط به گروه نانوامولسیون کیتوزان حاوی نایسین و اسانس در مقایسه با گروه کنترل بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد، پوشش‌های خوراکی نانوامولسیون کیتوزان به طور موثری توانایی مهار رشد باکتری پاتوژن لیستریا مونوسیتوژنز در نمونه‌های فیله‌ی مرغ در دمای سرد را دارند و استفاده از آن‌ها در صنعت غذا می‌تواند مورد توجه قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating of Chemical Composition and Anti-Listeria Properties of Zataria multiflora Boiss Essential Oil, And Its Application with Nisin in Chitosan Nano- Coating in Chicken Fillet

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamidreza Kazemeini 1
  • Bahareh Naeiji 1
  • Mohammadhasan Shahavi 2
1 Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies (AUSMT), Amol, Iran,
2 Assistant professor, Department of Nanotechnology, Faculty of Engineering Modern Technologies, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies (AUSMT), Amol, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and objectives: Nowadays, the interest in using food coatings and films such as bacteriocins and plant essential oils, due to factors such as environmental concerns due to the use of synthetic packaging materials, the need for new methods and opportunities to create new markets for food products, the need for food to increase. The shelf life of products and the tendency of consumers to consume natural materials are expanding. Nanotechnology in edible coatings can increase their efficiency compared to conventional edible coatings by reducing particle size and smaller pore sizes, and improve the quality of packaging materials. The high ability of chitosan to form a film has made it possible to use it as a suitable food coating. Essential oils with antibacterial properties can be used to enhance the antibacterial properties of chitosan. Also, foodborne illness has always been one of the most important human concerns and the present study was conducted to investigate how to reduce these risks.
The objective of this paper was to investigating the chemical composition of Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil, and its application with nisin in Nano-emulsion of chitosan-based coatings containing Nano-emulsion against the Listeria monocytogenes in chicken fillets, kept at cold temperatures (4±1°C) during a 16-days period and Antibacterial activity of essential oil (as emulsion and Nano-emulsion) against the studied bacterium was evaluated by the MIC and MBC methods.
Materials and methods: The chemical composition of the essential oil was determined using gas chromatography, and the treatments were divided into the six groups of: without coating (control), chitosan, Nano-chitosan, Nano-chitosan containing essential oil, Nano-chitosan + nisin, and Nano-chitosan + essential oil + nisin. The samples were then transferred to the refrigerator for bacterial counting on days 0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16.
Results: Carvacrol 44.36%, thymol 30.14% and gamma-terpinene 8.31% were identified as the most important compounds in the chemical composition of the Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil. The mean logarithm of the number of bacteria counted in the 16-days period showed a significant difference between the groups (p <0.05). The present study showed that the highest inhibitory effect on the bacteria compared to the control group ware noticed in treated samples with chitosan Nano-emulsion containing nisin and Zataria Multiflora Boiss essential oil group.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Nano-emulsion of chitosan edible coating is the effectively capable of inhibiting the growth of pathogenic Listeria monocytogenes bacteria in chicken fillet samples at cold temperatures and its use can be considered in the food industry.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Nano-emulsion
  • Chitosan
  • Listeria monocytogenes
  • Zataria Multiflora Boiss Essential Oil
  • Nisin
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