Optimizing the electrospinning process of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocarrier containing Oxalis corniculata Linn

Document Type : Complete scientific research article

Authors

1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Food Science and Technology, Aras International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. *Corresponding Author

3 Ph.D. Graduate, Department of Food Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Campus of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.

Abstract

Abstract
Background and purpose: Currently, the electrospinning method is the only efficient method of producing continuous fibers with diameters less than a few nanometers. This method is used in a wide range of synthetic and natural polymers. It is also possible to produce fibers containing a complex structure such as core-shell or hollow fibers with special electrospinning methods. Also, this method has the possibility of producing random and parallel fibers. The production of uniform nanocarriers with specific morphology and diameter is influenced by electrospinning conditions. Meanwhile, controlling the various variables involved in the electrospinning process is not an easy task, therefore, in this research, the response surface methodology was studied by optimizing the effects of the independent variables of the electrospinning method and the production of PVANF-OCEX nanocarriers to improve stability, solubility and increase the chance of extract delivery.
Materials and methods: In this research, an electrospinning machine was used for the encapsulation of Oxalis corniculata Linn (OCEX) extract using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). For modeling and optimization using the response surface method (RSM) with input variables including OCEX concentration (1.5 - 4.5% v/v), applied voltage (15 - 25 kV), pump flow rate (0.5 - 1 mL/h) and the distance between the tip of the needle and the collector (10 - 20 cm) was used.
Results: Central composite design (CCD) was used to implement and analyze the model. Morphological analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed the results of electrospinning optimization. Based on this, the optimal conditions for the fabrication of functional PVA nanofibers loaded with OCEX (PVANF-OCEX) with a predicted-validated diameter of 320.2-311 nm include a concentration of 2.5% by volume of OCEx, a distance of 16.5 cm between the needle tips. Up to the collector, the applied voltage was 21.5 kV and the pump rate was evaluated as 0.7 ml/hour.
Materials and methods: In this research, an electrospinning machine was used for the encapsulation of Oxalis corniculata Linn (OCEX) extract using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). For modeling and optimization using the response surface method (RSM) with input variables including OCEX concentration (1.5 - 4.5% v/v), applied voltage (15 - 25 kV), pump flow rate (0.5 - 1 mL/h) and the distance between the tip of the needle and the collector (10 - 20 cm) was used.
Results: Central composite design (CCD) was used to implement and analyze the model. Morphological analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) confirmed the results of electrospinning optimization. Based on this, the optimal conditions for the fabrication of functional PVA nanofibers loaded with OCEX (PVANF-OCEX) with a predicted-validated diameter of 320.2-311 nm include a concentration of 2.5% by volume of OCEx, a distance of 16.5 cm between the needle tips. Up to the collector, the applied voltage was 21.5 kV and the pump rate was evaluated as 0.7 ml/hour.
Conclusion: SEM analysis confirmed that the PVANF-OCEX nanocarriers were successfully coated with PVA at the optimum point without beads, homogeneous, smooth, normal distribution and OCEX surfaces.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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Food Processing and Preservation Journal
Volume 17, Issue 2
July 2025
Pages 1-22

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